Abstract

The trajectory of trade agreements in post-colonial Africa represents a complex evolution from colonial-era economic structures to contemporary regional integration initiatives. Since gaining independence in the 1950s and 1960s, African nations have pursued various forms of trade cooperation, ranging from bilateral arrangements to ambitious continental integration projects. This article examines the historical development of African trade agreements, analyzing their successes, challenges, and transformative potential. The study traces the evolution from early post-independence trade partnerships through the establishment of regional economic communities to the recent African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), highlighting how these agreements have sought to address colonial legacies while promoting intra-African trade and economic development.